Gas burner structure



y 5, 1964 E. J. BLAN'ZY 3,131,752

GAS BURNER STRUCTURE Original Filed March 23. 1960 INVENTOR. EUGENE J. bu-wzv BY 7 g w Mgfw ATTORNEYS United States Patent f 3,131,752 GAS BURNER STRUCTURE Eugene J. 'Blanzy, Detroit, Mich assignor to Lincoln Brass Works, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Michigan Continuation of application Ser. No. 17,193, Mar. 23, 1960. This application July 19, 1962, Ser. No. 216,941 7 Claims. (Cl. 158--116) This application is a continuation of my application Serial No. 17,193 filed March 23, 1960, now abandoned, and entitled Gas Burner Structure.

The burner of this invention is particularly adapted for use in appliances such as domestic ranges orthe like.

Such a burner should be capable of heat outputs ranging from about 750 to about 12,000 B.t.u. per hour, utilizing different kinds of gases having B.t.u. ratings of from about 450 to about 3,200 B.t.u. per cubic foot so that a manufacturer of gas rangescan equip his products with a single type of burner which will operate satisfactorily in different communities using different fuel gases, such as natural gas, manufactured coal gas, or one of the bottle gases- The object of this invention is to provide a simple, inexpensive burner structure improved so that itcan burn the various fuel gases at heat output rates varying through a relatively wide range as indicated above.

The invention is carried out generally by providing a burner ring with two vertically spaced series of circumferentially staggered ports, the upper ports comprising relatively long narrow angled slots, and the port positions and dimensions lying within certain limits which are critical for obtaining best operation of the burner.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a generally elevational view of a burner utilizing the present invention, parts being broken away and shown in phantom to illustrate structure.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the burner ring shown separately.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary partly diagrammatic view of a portion of the burner ring illustrating the relation of the burner ports.

Shown in the drawings is a burner having a base 12 defining a gasway 14 to which gas is furnished by a mixing tube 16 secured to the burner base by such means as screws 18 and 20. Gas is supplied to the mixing tube from a pipe 22. Surmounting burner body 12 is a burner cap or ring 24 of a type known in the trade as a drop-on cap since to install it, it is merely placed or dropped onto the top of the burner body with an annular flange 26 on the ring engaging within a central opening 28 in the burner body. conventionally, this burner ring comprises an aluminum stamping having a downwardly *opening annular channel 30 which registers with an annular passageway 32 communicating with gasway 14.

According to the invention, burner ring 24 is provided with a circumferential series of relatively small burner ports 34 and a second circumferential series of burner ports 36 spaced vertically above ports 34. Ports 36 are circumferentially offset from ports 34 so that the ports in the two series are in staggered relation. Each port 36 has the form of a relatively long narrow slot whose longitudinal axis is disposed at an angle to the vertical. In the burner illustrated, this angle is about 35. Each slotted port has a minimum width of about .032" in order to pass gas at the required rate when the burner is full on and has maximum width of about .040" to prevent noisy extinction and flash back when the burner is turned down low. Ports 34 have a cross dimension just great enough so that flames thereat provide stabilizing support for flames at ports 36 without coalescing of the flames. Ports 34 have cross dimensions in the range 3,131,752 Patented May 5, 1964 from .040" to about .052" and consequently have port areas in the range from about .0004 pi to about .0676 pi square inches.

A critical dimension is the distance D between adjacent ports 34 and 36. This distance should be no greater -than about .109 to insure that adjacent ports are in mutual igniting relation and to insure mutual flame stabilization between the adjacent ports. Distance D should be no less than about .079" in order to prevent coalescing of the flames at adjacent ports. The upper end portions 40 of slots 36 should be circumferentially displaced from adjacent ports 34 so that no part of a port 36 vertically overlies a port 34. This positioning is necessary to prevent coalescing of flames at adjacent ports 34 and 36. Flame coalescence is undesirable from the standpoint of combustion efficiency and from the standpoint of visible flame appearance which is an important factor in the salability of gas range burners.

In operation, when the burner is turned on, gas issuing from any one of the ports may be ignited by a conventional pilot or the like and since adjacent ports 34 and 36 are in mutual igniting relation, the flame will chain ignite from port to port around ring 24. In addition, the flames at ports 34 and the lower end portions 38 of ports 36 mutually stabilize each other during use of the burner. This prevents extinction of the flames when the burner .is operated at a low rate and prevents the flames from blowing off of the ports when the burner is operated at a high rate.

The lower portions of a flame at each slot 36 provide support and stability for upper portions of the flame. Because of the angular disposition of ports 36, the heated gases rising from the lower portions of the port do not interfere with the flame at upper portions of the port with the result that gas burns evenly and uniformly along the length of ports 36. Heated gases rising from ports 34 do not interfere with the flame at the upper ends 40 of adjacent burners 36 since upper ends 40 and ports 34 are circumferentially displaced. Elongate ports 36 have sufiicient area to pass a large flow of gas for attaining a high burning rate when the burner is full on and yet have a relatively small width facilitating operation at a low rate when the burner is turned down.

By way of example, a commercially successful burner in accordance with this invention utilizes a burner ring 24 with a wall 42 containing ports 34 and 36 having a diameter of 2 Thirty-six ports 34 and thirty-six ports 36 are provided at equal spacings around the circumference of wall 42. Ports 34 have a diameter of about .043", or a port area of about .0005 pi square inches, and slots 36 have a width of about .040". Distance D is about .094. The burner operates successfully utilizing different gases at an output range of about 750 B.t.u. to about 12,000 B.t.u.

I claim:

1. In a gas burner for gas ranges, improved burner porting comprising,

two vertically spaced series of burner ports with the ports of the upper and lower series being horizontally staggered, the upper ports comprising elongate slots which extend at an angle to the vertical so that in operation lower portions of the flames issuing therefrom provide stabilizing support for upper portions of the flames,

said lower ports each having a port area in the range from about .0004 pi square inches to about .0676 pi square inches,

said upper ports each having a port area which is large as compared to said area of said lower ports, the lower ports and lower end portions of said upper ports being positioned in igniting relation to facilitate chain ignition and fiame stabilization in operation,

the upper ends of said upper ports being horizontally completely displaced from the adjacent lower ports to prevent coalescing of the flames issuing from said upper and lower ports in operation.

2. The structure defined in claim 1 wherein the distance between the lower ports and the lower end portions of adjacent upper ports is in the range from about .109" to about .079".

3. The structure defined in claim 1 wherein each of said upper ports has a width in the range from about .032" to about .040".

4. The combination defined in claim 1 wherein the distance between each lower port and the lower'end of adjacent upper ports is in the range from about .109" to about .079", each of said upper ports having a width in the range from about .032 to about .040.

5. In a gas burner for gas ranges, improved burner porting comprising,

two vertically spaced series of burner ports with the ports of the upper and lower series being horizon tally staggered,

the upper ports comprising elongate slots which extend at an angle to the vertical,

the horizontal displacement between the upper end of each slot and the lower end of each adjacent slot being greater than the horizontal extent of the inl terjacent lower port and an additional distance,

said additional distance being sufiicient so that said interjacent lower port, being positioned in igniting relation to but at a non-coalescing distance from the lower end portions of the adjacent ports, is horizontally completely displaced from the upper ends of the adjacent upper ports to prevent coalescing of the flames thereat,

said lower ports having a diameter in the range from about .040" to about .052".

said upper ports having a port area which is large as compared to that of said lower ports.

6. In a gas burner for gas ranges, improved burner porting comprising,

two .vertically spaced series of burner ports with the ports of the upper and lower series being horizontally staggered,

said lower ports each having a port area in the range from about .0004 pi square inches to about .0676 pi square inches,

said upper ports having a port area which is large as 8 compared to said port area of said lower ports,

said lower ports and upper ports being positioned in igniting relation to facilitate chain ignition and flame stabilization in operation,

said upper ports being horizontally completely displaced from adjacent lower ports to prevent coalescing of the flames issuing from said upper and lower ports in operation.

7. The combination defined in claim 6 wherein said lower ports are generally circular.

References Cited in the file of this patent 

1. IN A GAS BURNER FOR GAS RANGES, IMPROVED BURNER PORTING COMPRISING, TWO VERTICALLY SPACED SERIES OF BURNER PORTS WITH THE PORTS OF THE UPPER AND LOWER SERIES BEING HORIZONTALLY STAGGERED, THE UPPER PORTS COMPRISING ELONGATE SLOTS WHICH EXTEND AT AN ANGLE TO THE VERTICAL SO THAT IN OPERATION LOWER PORTIONS OF THE FLAMES ISSUING THEREFROM PROVIDE STABILIZING SUPPORT FOR UPPER PORTIONS OF THE FLAMES, SAID LOWER PORTS EACH HAVING A PORT AREA IN THE RANGE FROM ABOUT .0004 PI SQUARE INCHES TO ABOUT .0676 PI SQUARE INCHES, SAID UPPER PORTS EACH HAVING A PORT AREA WHICH IS LARGE AS COMPARED TO SAID AREA OF SAID LOWER PORTS, THE LOWER PORTS AND LOWER END PORTIONS OF SAID UPPER PORTS BEING POSITIONED IN IGNITING RELATION TO FACILITATE CHAIN IGNITION AND FLAME STABILIZATION IN OPERATION, THE UPPER ENDS OF SAID UPPER PORTS BEING HORIZONTALLY COMPLETELY DISPLACED FROM THE ADJACENT LOWER PORTS TO PREVENT COALESCING OF THE FLAMES ISSUING FROM SAID UPPER AND LOWER PORTS IN OPERATION. 